From: Jacob Zabicky (zabicky$##$bgumail.bgu.ac.il)
Date: Sun Nov 24 2002 - 09:16:05 EST
Dear Orglisters,
I've asked the following:
Publications dealing with very reactive organolithium compounds frequently
write in their experimental section about having worked under "Schlenk
conditions," probably meaning very low temperatures, extreme dryness of
glassware, reagents, solvents, and the inert atmosphere for total exclusion
of air (something else missing?). However, I haven't seen a direct citation
of the literature source where Schlenk (I surmise W. Schlenk and E.
Bergmann) describes the experimental setup that has been so frequently
emulated. Can somebody point where can I find the original conditions?
Thanks for the plenty useful replies to my querry, some of which were made
offlist. As the subject may be of interest to other subscribers, here is a
summary of the info received:
All the best,
Jacob
------------------------------------------------------------
Milan Soucek wrote:
Wilhelm Schlenk, 22 March 1879 - 29 April 1943
Schlenk tube (and S. flask): Chem. Ber. 46, 2840.(1913)
Biography: Angew. Chem. 40, 331 (2001)
Xufeng Sun wrote:
There is a reaction vessel called "Shlenk Tube", which allows one to
set up metal-catalytic reaction easily under dry, inert atmosphere
protected condition. A valve is installed directly on the vessel to
pump out air and back-fill inert atmosphere. All reagents are handled
by needles via a rubber septum (or other similar cap) to avoid
contacting air. Basically the setup requirement is what you described,
but not necessary to run the reaction at low temperature once you
finish the setup. It looks like "Shlenk conditions" refers to above
practice, but I am not 100% sure because I personally never saw the
expression of "Shlenk
conditions".
Fergus Lalor wrte:
There is an extensive selection of Schlenk glassware in the Aldrich
catalogue - p 17 ff.
David O'Dell wrote:
Check out this book, The Manipulation of Air Sensitive Compounds by D. F.
Shriver and M. A. Drezdzon ISBN: 0-471-86773-X .
It describes Schlenk techniques in detail, but also explains other
techniques and apparatus that may be useful to your research. I'm not sure
about the original Schlenk, but I think that it was a long vessel with a
sidearm to allow for working in inert atmosphere. We use the term Shlenk
to refer to these vessels, however it also can be used in a broader context
like "Schlenk techniques" meaning different types of manipulations e.g.
filtration, chromatography, etc. that might involve these kinds of vessels
and inert atmosphere techniques.
Richard Prankerd wrote:
I can't give you the exact reference, but I thought I saw it in the
Equipment section at the back of the Aldrich catalogue - have you looked
there?
Robert D Chapman wrote:
http://www.google.com/search?as_qdr=all&q=+schlenk+tube+wilhelm
provides the Internet reference
http://www.chem.yorku.ca/NAMED/PDF-FILES/Lab.pdf
which contains
"Schlenk tube, Schlenk flask
Schlenk, W.; Thal, A. Chem. Ber. 1913, 46, 2840"
Eric J. Leopold wrote:
This Web page has pictures and techniques for the use of the Shlenk
tube: <http://www.ilpi.com/inorganic/glassware/schlenkflask.html>.
The Index page has a number of other apparatus setups at
<http://www.ilpi.com/inorganic/glassware/schlenkflask.html>
such as
Ball Mills
Bubblers
Cannulas
Filters, Fritted
Flasks, Schlenk
Furnaces (tube and box)
Gas Regulators
Glassblowing
Glove Boxes
Heating Sources
Joints
Mortars and Pestles
Powder X-ray Diffraction
Rotary Evaporators
Schlenk lines and vacuum lines
Skull Melting
Stopcocks
Sublimators
This popped out of a Sherlock search on a Mac running Jaguar OS 10.2.2.
x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x
Prof. Jacob Zabicky
Institutes for Applied Research
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Private: POB 12366, Beer-Sheva 84863
POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, ISRAEL Tel. +972-8-6496792
http://profiler.bgu.ac.il/site/main.cfm
Tel. +972-8-6461271/6461062/6472754
Fax. +972-8-6472969
x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x
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